The Effects Of Divorce on Students :: Essays Papers

The Effects Of Divorce on Students How noteworthy is the effect of separation on youngsters? There have been contemplates that show that separation negatively affects youngsters. The effect on a kid's life frequently differs relying upon the sort of separation and the age of the kid during the separation. The impact of a detachment typically impacts a kid's learning and conduct abilities. For a little youngster the idea of separation is something that makes numerous misguided judgments. Kids don't comprehend the genuine significance or thinking behind why their folks could ever need to be isolated. The underlying response for most kids is to be faulted themselves or to make a sort of thinking that they can identify with. Because of this, numerous kids frequently focus on reconstructing their family structure as opposed to taking part in typical youth exercises. Abrupt changes in a family unit can upset a kid's mental prosperity. Kids now and then make some extreme memories being isolated from their folks; they dread that on the off chance that one parent can leave them for what reason can't the other. Job changes regularly additionally happen; the mother may start to work or a sitter may now assume a job in the youngster's life. The sentiment of pity, misfortune and relinquishment are feelings that practically all youngsters experience. As youngsters create in families that have encountered divorces, issues start to turn out in numerous periods of the kid's life. Subsequent to perusing an article about the impacts of separation on little youngsters I learned many intriguing issues managing divorce. The creators state â€Å"Although there is significant changeability in results after some time, youngsters in separated and remarried families are almost certain than kids from non separated from families to have issues in their associations with guardians, kin, and friends just as lower confidence and scholastic problems† (Hetherington, Bridges, and Insabella, 1998,pg#2-3). The article likewise plates the way that the level of youngsters who drop out of school and have separated from guardians is more noteworthy at that point drop out pace of understudies what parents' identity is' despite everything wedded (Pedro-Carroll, 1999 pg.3). Throughout the years associations have been built up to assist youngsters with adapting to issues that need to due with separate. An association called The Children of Divorce Intervention Program (CODIP) is a help program that was framed to address the issues of youngsters.

Essay about Human Resourse

Exposition about Human Resourse Exposition about Human Resourse I can't help contradicting the announcement. Informal communication is a space for everybody to communicate their inclination and make a chance to speak with one another in any case to their own issue or open undertakings. The intrusion of getting to their long range interpersonal communication accounts is an away from of their protection too. Additionally, it will restrain the employee’s execution than expected. Besides, it is disregarding the terms of administration for person to person communication locales. Access to work candidates’ informal communication accounts resembles requesting the way to enter their homes and direct a ‘sport-check’ of what they are doing. For instance, those photographs posted years prior in Facebook or twitter which is where a large portion of the young person making the most of their lawful age in the club may mirror a terrible impression to the director when they get to the candidate’s profile. They may lose their employment along these lines. Additionally, prejudgment was made by the human asset chiefs without explained with the worker their data on the profile will in the long run surrender the opening for work to other competitor. When the secret key is given to the human asset directors, up-and-comer must know that the human asset office comprises of very number of worker; their secret word must be ignoring to various in-control individual. Various individuals access to their record checking their data making competitor going t hrough the greater part of the day stressed of what may have discover as opposed to putting complete consideration on the work and works it well. Likewise, they should be living in non-protection day by day way of life as they don’t realize when will be the day their record being hacked by another person by posting non-related post or accomplishing something different on the record. Most pessimistic scenarios, the individuals who access to the candidate’s record can change their secret phrase without need takes note. As we have notice above, informal communication is a space that makes for everybody to communicate their inclination in any case on the weight on work or the bliss among them. As indicated by the measurements, the individuals who express their inclination to their companion will in general work far superior to their standard execution. Venturing into working industry will confront a great deal of pressure. The attack to their long range informal communication record will assume control over their opportunity on communicating on the work which will build their weight as the time cruise by. This will in the long run influence their presentation on the work which thus will influence the organization too. Requesting access to

How To Find Your Facebook ID or Facebook Admin ID Easily

How To Find Your Facebook ID or Facebook Admin ID Easily Facebook is most popular platform in social media sector because of its many features and social plug-in. There are zillions of website and Blog owner using Facebook social plug-in for tailoring their site. While we do blogging then we need to add Facebook Like box, Facepile, Activity Feed, Recommendation Feed and many more. So every where need to add Facebook Admin ID. Because without this Facebook can't detect your site's fan page as a result facebook Social Plugin won't work properly. On the other hand many blogger change their Facebook Admin ID with name. In that case you won't able to find out the Facebook Admin ID easily. So in this tutorial I will show you how easily we can find the Facebook Admin ID for further use in various social plugin. How to get Facebook Admin ID from Browser Address bar? This is the basic way to find out the Facebook Admin ID. This is for newbie. Step1 Simply open your Facebook page in browser and look at the Browser address bar. Step2 And find the ID. Step3 After that simply copy the ID for further use. How to get Facebook Admin ID from Facebook Page? If you have already changed your facebook ID with name then this tutorial will be appropriate. Simply follow the below steps. Step1Log in to yourFacebook Accountand Go to yourFan Page Step2Click on Now click on-Settings-Page Info Step3 Now scroll down and find Facebook Page ID at the bottom of page. How to get Facebook Admin ID from Facebook? There are another way that we can find out our Facebook Admin ID. This feature has released by Facebook officially. Simply follow the below steps- Step1Copy the below line http://graph.facebook.com/username Step2Replace username with your Facebook Page name For example- https://www.facebook.com/BloggerSpice Step3 Now paste the code in any web browser and press Enter button from Keypad. Step4 Your Facebook Admin ID will display like below.so copy the ID for further use. How to get Facebook Admin ID from Third party site? We can alternatively use third party site for finding Facebook ID or Admin ID. Step1 Login to your Facebook profile page and copy the URL from Browser Address bar. Step2It should be something like https://facebook.com/Username so copy the link. For example- https://www.facebook.com/BloggerSpice Step3 Now go the http://findmyfacebookid.com/ and Paste that URL into Find My Facebook ID. Step4 Finally hit the Lookup numeric IDbutton and your Facebook Admin Id will generate. Thatll do it! Hope this tutorial will be very helpful for finding your Facebook Admin ID or Page ID thus you can use it in various Facebook social plugins. Thank you.

Sanskrit

Sanskrit is an ancient Indo-European language, the root of many modern Indian languages, and it remains one of Indias 22 official languages to this day.  Sanskrit also functions as the primary liturgical language of Hinduism and Jainism, and it plays an important role in the Buddhist scripture as well.  Where did Sanskrit come from, and why is it controversial in India? Sanskrit The word Sanskrit means sanctified or refined.  The earliest known work in Sanskrit is the Rigveda, a collection of Brahmanical texts, which dates to c. 1500 to 1200 BCE.  (Brahmanism was the early precursor to Hinduism.)  The Sanskrit language developed out of proto-Indo-European, which is the root of most languages in Europe, Persia (Iran), and India.  Its closest cousins are Old Persian, and Avestan, which is the liturgical language of Zoroastrianism. Pre-Classical Sanskrit, including the language of the Rigveda, is called Vedic Sanskrit.  A later form, called Classical Sanskrit, is distinguished by the grammar standards laid out by a scholar called Panini, writing in the 4th century BCE.  Panini defined a bewildering 3,996 rules for syntax, semantics, and morphology in Sanskrit. Classical Sanskrit spawned the majority of the hundreds of modern languages spoken across India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka today.  Some of its daughter languages include Hindi, Marathi, Urdu, Nepali, Balochi, Gujarati, Sinhalese, and Bengali. The array of spoken languages that arose from Sanskrit is matched by the vast number of different scripts in which Sanskrit can be written.  Most commonly, people use the Devanagari alphabet.  However, almost every other Indic alphabet has been used to write in Sanskrit at one time or another.  The Siddham, Sharda, and Grantha alphabets are used exclusively for Sanskrit, and the language is also written in scripts from other countries, such as Thai, Khmer, and Tibetan. As of the most recent census, only 14,000 people out of 1,252,000,000 in India speak Sanskrit as their primary language.  It is used widely in religious ceremonies; thousands of Hindu hymns and mantras are recited in Sanskrit.  In addition, many of the oldest Buddhist scriptures are written in Sanskrit, and Buddhist chants also commonly feature the liturgical language that was familiar to Siddhartha Gautama, the Indian prince who became the Buddha.  Many of the Brahmins and Buddhist monks who chant in Sanskrit today do not understand the actual meaning of the words they speak.  Most linguists thus consider Sanskrit a dead language.   A movement in modern India is seeking to revive Sanskrit as a spoken language for everyday use.  This movement is tied to Indian nationalism, but is opposed by speakers of non-Indo-European languages including the Dravidic-language speakers of southern India, such as the Tamils.  Given the antiquity of the language, its relative rarity in daily use today, and its lack of universality, the fact that it remains one of Indias official languages is somewhat odd.  Its as if the European Union made Latin an official language of all of its member-states.

Energy Drinks - 2397 Words

ISLS 4301 - Section 5 Energy Drinks Research By: Maram Balubaid, Rahmah Bukhary, Sara Al Akel, Haifa Al Akel and Basma Salah Energy drinks Energy drinks are drinks that don’t contain alcohol, and often lightly carbonated. They are designed to give the drinker a burst of energy by adding of a number of ingredients, most notably caffeine. They are mostly found in grocery stores, corner stores and gas stations, usually displayed beside the soft drinks, juices and sports drinks. The study, published in the journal Pediatrics, reports that more teens are downing energy drinks; in 2003, 16% regularly consumed the drinks, while in 2008, that percentage jumped to 35%. Another study of college student consumption found 50% of students drank†¦show more content†¦* Theobromine It comes from the cacao plant. It has a similar effect to caffeine and is found in chocolate and many other foods. * Theophylline A drug used for the treatment of respiratory diseases and asthma, marketed under a variety of brand names. It is structurally similar to caffeine. It is also naturally found in tea at very small levels * Ginseng A substance that comes from a variety of plants; and is believed to have medicinal properties. However, it has been found to interact with a number of prescription and herbal drugs. Such interactions can cause severe health problems. There are claims that ginseng boosts athletic performance, strengthens the immune system and improves mood. But the authors say there is little proof of this, and there is no enough ginseng in energy drinks to offer any benefit. The root has also been linked to increased risk of insomnia, headache and hypertension. Ginseng should be used cautiously, as it can cause undesirable side effects in high doses and may even be dangerous when taken with certain medicines or if the patient is undergoing surgery, according to the American Cancer Society. Moreover, because most energy drinks contain caffeine, which is a stimulant. Studies researching taurine, revealed that it may interact negatively with caffeine and alcohol due to its effect on cell volume and renal-mediated transport. Schoffl et al. illustrate this negative interaction in a case study where aShow MoreRelatedEnergy Drinks : The Energy Drink1548 Words   |  7 PagesMonster Energy Drink Over the years, energy drinks have been a phenomenon. Since 1997, when Red Bull became a sensation, the consumption of energy drinks has been at an all-time high. Currently, the energy drinks is a billion dollar market, with the U.S sales of Red Bull and Monster beverages totaling 4.5 billion dollars in 2016 (Statista, 2017). Other energy drinks in the market include Rock Star, Cocaine, Amp, Full Throttle, and Rip It. Generally, Malinauskas, Aeby, Overton, Carpenter-Aeby, andRead MoreEnergy Drinks1798 Words   |  8 Pagesquickly it could all slip away. His display of more than 200 energy drinks represents the success he s earned in an industry that s more likely to send intrepid entrepreneurs into bankruptcy than into Donald Trump s tax bracket. About 80 percent of these are gone, he says proudly. Most energy drinks fail in six months. Benedict is the founder, owner and CEO of Greensboro-based Source Beverages, a thriving energy drink company with expected revenues of $2 million this year and distributionRead MoreSports Drinks And Energy Drinks711 Words   |  3 Pagesadvertisement sports drinks and energy drinks claim they can do it all like weight loss, improve endurance, and develop better concentration. The question posed is do either sports drinks or energy drinks really do what they claim to do, and if so which one works best? First off, sports drinks and energy drinks may overlap however, they are not the same thing. Sports drinks such as Gatorade and PowerAde have been popular with athletes for decades. Historically sports drinks were specifically createdRead MoreThe Problem Of Energy Drinks Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pagesawake. Energy drinks have many untested contents within the drink that aren’t tested or regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, deeming it unsafe for consumption. The FDA needs to test the effects of the combined contents of an energy drink and draft regulations so that the public can make more informed decisions about its consumption. Energy drinks have undeniably meshed into the subculture of any US college campus. College students who consume copious amounts of energy drinks claimRead MoreEffects of Energy Drinks1114 Words   |  5 PagesAre Energy Drinks Safe? Whether it is a long night studying or just not ready for the day, college students choose to drink energy drinks to get full energy. These highly caffeinated drinks come with stimulating names such as Red Bull, Monster, Full Throttle, or Rockstar. Although these drinks are marketed as a healthful stimulant, consumers should be aware of the potential side effects, as they can be very harmful to one’s health. Energy drinks are beverages whose producers advertise thatRead MoreEnergy Drinks Market1705 Words   |  7 Pageshow the Energy Drink market is segmented according to demographic, geographic, psychographic and behavioral variables. The Energy Drink industry which is dominated by Red Bull and V energy drinks is worth 151 million dollars and is growing by 47% per year. Energy drinks is the fastest growing category in the soft drink market. I have chosen three different companies in this report to analysis which segments they target, Powerade, Red Bull and Coca Cola. Red Bull is the market leader in energy drinksRead MoreThe Market For Energy Drink950 Words   |  4 Pagesfor energy drink has continually been questioned about it health concern. A company can benefit by introducing a healthier option to get energy and have a more active day. When energy drinks first came on the scene they exploded like a new phenomenon, which made consumer feel like new-elevated being. Companies like r ed bull and rock star brought slogan that increased the energy drinks popularity and made it into a billion dollar industry. With all the scrutiny that has been attacking energy drinksRead MoreEnergy Drinks Market1259 Words   |  6 PagesEnergy Drinks - Red Bull What are energy drinks? Cola and coffee drinks have long been promoted and known as energy drinks - meant to give you a little pick me up, mostly in the form of caffeine and sugar. Jolt Cola in the 80s was one of the early entries in the energy drink market, with double the caffeine of normal colas, it was marketed towards teens and college students as a way to get an energy edge and keep you awake and energized. Their slogan, in fact, was twice the caffeine. JoltRead MoreEnergy Consumption Patterns Of Energy Drinks Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Background: Energy drink consumption has continued to grow and gain popularity since the release of Red Bull (the current leader in the energy drink market) in 1997. While energy drinks are generally targeted to young adult consumers there has been minimum research regarding energy drink consumption patterns in New Zealand. The aim of this study therefore is to determine consumption patterns of energy drinks as well as perceived benefits and side effects amongst students at Ara InstituteRead MoreConsumption of Energy Drinks521 Words   |  2 PagesConsumption of Energy Drinks Throughout the last several centuries, many beverages have been utilized to produce energy to boost the body and its ability, such as tea and coffee. However, the first beverage considered to be an â€Å"energy† drink was Coca-Cola due to the fact that ingredients of the drink included both caffeine and cocaine (Lile). Since the introduction of Coke products in the late 1800’s, products full of sugar and caffeine have been available to the public and have exploded in

Essay about Case Analysis of Dell Computers - 12021 Words

On April 22, 2003 Page 2 2 INDUSTRY ANALYSIS ..............................................................................................................................3 CURRENT STATUS ....................................................................................................................................6 C URRENT S ITUATION ..................................................................................................................................6 Performance...........................................................................................................................................6 Missions, Objectives, and†¦show more content†¦Depending upon the industry segment, these firms specialize in different activities, from RD to design, manufacturing, assembly, logistics, distribution, sales, marketing, service, and support. Dell Computer Corporation is the focus of the case. The time of the Dell case is from 1994 to 1999. Michael Dell established Dell Computers in 1984, which captured a unique position in the personal computer (PC) industry. The company introduced the concepts of selling PCs directly to customers; offering custom configuration to all customers; and providing direct, toll-free technical support and next-day, on-site service. Dells SIC code is 3571. SIC 3571 establishments, such as Dell, primarily engage in manufacturing electronic computers. Electronic computers are machines which: (1) store the processing program or programs and the data immediately necessary for execution of the program; (2) can be freely programmed in accordance with the requirements of the user; (3) perform arithmetical computations specified by the user; and (4) execute, without human intervention, a processing program which requires them to modify their execution by logical decision during the processing run. Included in this industry are digital computers, analog computers, and hybrid digital/analog computers. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing machineryShow MoreRelatedDell Computer Corporation: Case Analysis778 Words   |  3 PagesDell Computer Corporation Case Study I. Central Issue Dell Computer Corporation has experienced tremendous growth since it was incorporated in 1984. The product largely responsible for the success of Dell Computer Corporation is Dells Direct Model, which is cost-efficient and customer-friendly in terms of its production and distribution. In the ever-changing market environment of today competitors are presenting challenges with products that are new and unique. However, there is one area thatRead MoreMatching Dell Case Analysis1679 Words   |  7 Pages 1. Synopsis After the emergence of personal computer in1990, Dell emerged as a strong business entity in the computing industry. With the advent of personal computing, the major players in the industry were IBM, Compaq and HP. Between 1994 and 1998, Dells growth was faster and twice its major rivals (IBM, Compaq, Gateway, and Hewlett- Packard). It provided high performance PC at a very low price. Through the introduction of Dells Direct Model, it enjoyed high competitive advantage and earnedRead MoreGlobal Computer Hardware Manufacturing Industry1603 Words   |  7 Pages TREATS Increase in competition– Currently Dell Wyse cloud connect does not have many direct competitors. Although it competes with traditional desktops and portable computers, there are not many companies that produce ultra-small, portable high definition and secure desktop on cloud access devices. A major treat for the company is that more players might enter the industry with similar products which could lead to further price competition forcing companies to lower their costs which wouldRead MorePresentation Chapters 3 51422 Words   |  6 PagesNicole Fiamingo’s Presentation MKT 730 – Marketing Research February 17, Dell Printer: â€Å"The New Kid On The Block† http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42mNRePWIME Chapter 3 Research Design Marketing Research Proposal 1. 2. 3. 4. Executive Summary Background Problem Definition Approach to the problem 5. Research Design 6. Fieldwork/ Data Collection 7. Data Analysis 8. Reporting 9. Cost and Time 10.Appendices What the Research Design Includes 1. Define the information needed 2. Design the exploratoryRead MoreDell Case Study Strategic Managemen1426 Words   |  6 PagesCASE STUDY- DELL INC ASSIGNMENT #2 By: Muhammad Salman ( Syed Ahmed Farooq Wasti ( Kamran Ullah Khan ( References: www.apple.com, www.dell.com, www.hp.com, www.ibm.com Finance.yahoo.com, www.gateway.com, www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml )_______ )_______ )_______ Introduction †¢ Dell computer was founded by Michael Dell at age of twenty one in his dorm at the University of Texas, Austin. Initially the name of the company was PCs Ltd in 1984 but later it was changed to Dell Computer in 1987 whenRead More Dell SWOT Essay example1704 Words   |  7 PagesDell INC Executive summary Is the dells direct model working? Last year, the company gave up the PC market share lead to Hewlett-Packard. Dell was the only top computer company to lose worldwide PC market share. This analysis identified Dells problems and provided strategic moves for the PC maker firm. Company Background The company was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell, now the company is one of the worlds largest suppliers of personal computers and related products. It designs, developsRead MoreEssay on Dell Analysis1400 Words   |  6 PagesDell Analysis In spite of Dell’s Direct Model strategy, the company had lost any price advantage it had over its competitors. Dell also had an issue with channel inventory availability driven by the fact that their competitors were attempting to replicate their strategy. This was a large threat to the organization because they so heavily relied on just-in-time delivery of parts. Dell’s competitors faced many challenges to the direct distribution method, however. According to Exhibit 8 in theRead MoreCase Analysis on Dell, Inc.1521 Words   |  7 Pagesname is Natasha Mortimore and I have provided a detailed case analysis based upon â€Å"Dell, Inc. in 2006: Can Rivals Beat its Strategy?† In 1984, Michael Dell formed a company now known as dell, Inc. with a strategy to sell build-to-order computers directly to its customers. Customers would have to phone, fax, or order their custom built computers which eliminated the expense of middlemen known as resellers. Between the years of 1986-1993, Dell had to refine its strategy in order to gain market-credibilityRead MoreDell Direct and Not-so-Direct1390 Words   |  6 PagesWeek Six Case Analysis: Dell Direct and Not-So-Direct MRKT 5000 Online Course Julia Huelsmann Dell Direct and Not-So-Direct Case Summary: When the Texas-based Dell computer company started in 1984, its creator Michael Dell was interested in having a completely different distribution approach from his competitors. In order to keep costs low, minimize inventory costs and cater to customer needs, Dell sold directly to customers. By 1997, Dell’s distribution model was working extremelyRead MoreDell Case Study937 Words   |  4 Pagesone of the five generic competitive strategies is Dell employing? How well do the different pieces of Dell’s strategy fit together? In what way is Dell’s strategy evolving? ANSWERS As we know strategy can be define in many ways. Based on the former CEO of General Electric, He said that strategy means making clear-out choices about how to complete. So what are the elements of Dell’s strategy to be the worldwide leader in personal computer? Dell has few elements of strategy to achieve his goal

Auditing Business Risk Pertaining

Question: Discuss about the Auditing for Business Risk Pertaining. Answer: Part A Business Risk Assessment of HIH Insurance Limited It is important to assess the business risk pertaining to HIH Insurance Limited. Business risk considers as the factors that prevents and hinders in achieving further organizational goals and objectives (Zadek et al., 2013). These risks are mostly faced by business organization for diverse and wide-ranging attributes. This particular study mainly focus on the ultimate risks that affects running of business enterprise for going-concern issues. Some of the major risks involve contributing factors such as certain business failure for the next financial year. Loss of customers, high financial risk, profitability decline as well as over trading of activities and less product are some of the common business risk faced by top-management firm. Risk is majorly present because of high competition from nearest competitors and in case of litigation activities, which needs proper attention as far as possible (William et al., 2016). This assignment is based on the case study given on the company named as HIH Insurance Limited. This means that assessment on business risk pertains towards conducting proper judgment for future analysis purpose (Tarca et al., 2013). On analysis, it has been noticed that top-multinational organization faces huge difficulty due to high aggression and usage of expensive strategy in the upcoming financial year. The main objective of the assignment is to bring out the state of corporate governance of HIH before its collapse. It requires analyzing the waning signals as provided by the supervisory authority in determination of actions for facing difficult scenario. Major focus is on investment of shareholder as well as policyholder funds in identifying and monitoring the asset risk issues as future consequences (Samkin Deegan, 2012). HIH Insurance Limited investment strategy concerns with the premise whereby Group main business involves assessing risk arising from underwriting performance. It takes place from the reinsurance policies as compounded especially from asset risk for future analysis purpose. It ensures neutral impact from various investment outcomes gathered from overall risk profile named as HIH Board. These attributes are mentioned in the investment guidelines of HIH Insurance Limited (Rahman, 2013). Investment Committee aims at formulating strategic asset allocation recommendati ons. Current guidelines involve limits as well as exclusions on assets classes as takeover by FAI. Investment Committee meets up formally at each quarter for reviewing current asset allocations. The main objective of the study is to highlight on Board risk tolerance as mentioned in the invested portfolio. HIH asset allocations handles matters on group from Australia based on individual licensed insurer in and within the group. HIH Insurance Limited has experienced Investment Management Group that focus on meeting on monthly basis as well as monitoring on frequent intervals on asset allocation activities (Preiato et al., 2015). It connects directly with investment performances as well as advising the committee members as a whole. Part B Inherent risk factors moving HIH financial report Inherent risk is the susceptibility of an assertion in relation with material misstatement. It is given in terms of inherent as well as possessing environmental characteristics without any prescribed control procedures for future analysis purpose (Porter et al., 2014). Some of the factors affecting inherent risk at financial levels of HIH Insurance Limited are as follows: Integrity of Management- If management of HIH Insurance Limited lacks essential integrity, and then they are likely to be prepared for a case of poor reputation especially in the business community (Messier, 2016). Lack of integrity is one of the vital factors that indicate attempts to limit the access of auditors for gaining information. Management experience, knowledge as well as changes for specified period- It is important to consider the fact that inexperience of management as well as lack of knowledge widely affects the financial report preparation (Hayes et al., 2013). It is the role of the auditor who observe frequent personnel turnover in alignment with management positions. Increase in inherent risk causes when honest individuals resign from their management positions for some type of fraud (Hayes et al., 2014). Unusual pressure on management- Most of the times, it happens that incentives for management forms misstatement in the financial report. This involves attributes such as facing cash flow problems, poor operating results as well as poor liquidity (Giner Arce, 2012). Nature of entity business- HIH Insurance Limited has several potential advantages in establishing reputation as well as reliable revenue source in case of inherent risk. Association with nature of business entity formed these major factors in capital structure policies (Furnham Gunter, 2015). These are the prime reason for increase in inherent risk for the transactions with the independent party. Factors affecting the industry in the entity operation- It gives rise to major economic as well as competitive conditions. These factors affect the inherent risk of business entity for evaluating audit-planning framework in the most appropriate way (DeFond Zhang, 2014). 2. Legal Liability Part A Facts and result on court case of Andersens Clients HIH Insurance limited focus mainly on the operational activities of Royal Commission on finding out the accounting factors. In the year 1971, Arthur Anderson completes its external audit activities starting from the collapse year, 2001. Clients are likely to take guidance regarding the several audit risk in subject with cases and common laws (Deegan, 2013). Creditors Auditors play an important role in involving effective control over avoiding related errors as well as mistakes. In case of Pacific Acceptance Corporation Limited Vs Forsyth, auditors believes that audit opinion depends on financial reports in compliance with matters governing required standards and accounting laws in the most appropriate way (Deegan, 2012). An auditor has to view at the points regarding duty performances in due course of time. It relates majorly with the Kingston cotton mill company in indulging in due care intelligence for future analysis purpose. Auditors need the essential skills as well as expertise in carrying out the audit activities. Auditors take into consideration the creditors and investors for any assistance for use of financial statement (Arens et al., 2015). Part B Situation or conditions required for existing negligence actions It is important to understand the fact that there are conditions present in negligent cases. These attributes are as follows: Auditors majorly faces difficulty I relation with computer informational risk. It involves significant changes in the computer information risk involving conversion of new system for delivery purpose for upcoming financial year (DeFond Zhang, 2014). Auditors face difficulty in insufficient computer informational risk for viewing at the in adequate skills as well as inefficient allocation of financial resources (Furnham Gunter, 2015). Staff members should have adequate skills so that they can operates the operational activities at HIH Insurance Limited There is further lack of entity support as well as focus in the final audit process and occurs various negligent cases (Zadek et al., 2013). Senior Management is responsible in demonstrating the accountability for computer informational risk by essential appropriate committee as well as involvement. There is high dependence upon computer informational risk by HIH Insurance Limited Business entity requires computer information risk in supporting core business especially for operational perspectives for higher level of inherent risk (Zadek et al., 2013). It helps in rendering financial information from the annual report of HIH Insurance Limited. There is reliance present in external computer informational risk involving outsourcing of operations. It mainly occurs that auditors fail in auditing some concept or misstatement of profits due to negligence or time lack issues (DeFond Zhang, 2014). There is reliability as well as complexity present that lead to risks of errors or misrepresentation at the same time (Zadek et al., 2013). HIH Insurance Limited should hire experienced auditors who have the capacity in minimizing the level of risk faced by business organization. Auditors make use of disclaimers enabling ways for liability limitations as accessed from annual financial reports of HIH Insurance Limited. It involves evident taken from the external stakeholders for future analysis purpose. These cases require proper attention by the auditors and reduce negligence cases in every possible form (DeFond Zhang, 2014). 3.Ethics Part A HIH hiring prior members of its external audit team HIH Insurance Limited hires members of its audit teams for several reasons. Most of the auditors are accustomed with HIH Insurance Limited and secondly auditors should have enough experience for meeting the financial concerns of the related business organization (Samkin Deegan, 2012). Management of HIH Insurance Limited has chance in working with the auditor for developing strong relationship with business organization. In case any former auditors become client, then there is several risks associated with interdependence policies. It may happen that former auditors are friend with the existing auditors for several years and working together at the same time. Therefore, current auditors are of the belief that former auditors have high level of integrity and will not lead to any kid of fraudulent activities (DeFond Zhang, 2014). Part B Advantages of auditing and consulting services Auditing and consulting services mostly occurs by external auditors as auditors plays major role of senior consultant especially for cost-savings for future analysis purpose. Auditors aim at providing unique solutions for diverse problems. Auditors require essential knowledge and advising solutions to the potential clients (Zadek et al., 2013). It is the responsible of the auditor in rendering effective consultancy facilities to potential clients. Auditors should be familiar with the financial activities pertaining at HIH Insurance Limited. Part C Indicating circumstances in representation of violation of ethical standards HIH Insurance Limited should follow ethical standards in carrying out the operational activities in the most appropriate way (Arens et al., 2015). Major categories of risk involve increased inherent risk arising from nature of relationship in aligning with trading partners. It leads to risks from recording as well as possessing of financial transactions for initiating business activities of HIH Insurance Limited. Pervasive business risks involve attributes like technical competency as needed by staff members. Management of HIH Insurance Limited is majorly responsible in preparing for accurate as well as fair presentation on the financial position of audit firm. Corporate Governance considers as the system as well as process that adheres companies in directly being controlled over the prudential activities. It is essential in considering the fact regarding primary as well as management stewardship issues (Samkin Deegan, 2012). These aims at maintaining integrity functions over the in ternal control structure at HIH Insurance Limited. Part D Outlining prime recommendations for audit as planned by Ramsay Report and CLERP 9 In the discussion paper on Ramsay Report and CLERP 9, certain recommendations are pointed out for auditing function enhancement (Zadek et al., 2013). It renders presentation of annual reports with justified corporate disclosures. Statement from audit committee suggests ways in taking into consideration matters regarding non-audit services as a whole. Individuals are advisable in behaving as auditor dependent for carrying out the audit activities in certain way. As far as engagement, partner and review partner are concerned, they deal with serving people for five years of time and designated as Senior Manager. These recommendations give clear understanding of unique auditing functions for upcoming financial years. International professionals often believe in rendering auditing services based upon the financial statements. Auditing functions enhancement checks over the positive influences for several auditing activities in the near future (DeFond Zhang, 2014). At the end of the study, it is concluded that HIH Insurance Limited faces business risk like any other audit firms or business organization (Arens et al., 2015). Experienced auditors can easily solve and render professional advices to the clients that will help in attainment of future goals as well as objectives. This means that case study focus mainly on illustrating on the corporate disclosures measures assigned by HIH Insurance Limited. It lists down the several inherent audit risk factors enabling future successful implementation of plans in required way (Samkin Deegan, 2012). Entire study focus mainly on the issues and criteria for selection of the case study on HIH Insurance Limited. Reference List Arens, A. A., Elder, R. J., Beasley, M. S., Jones, J. (2015). Auditing: The Art and Science of Assurance Engagements. Pearson Canada. Deegan, C. (2012). Australian financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Deegan, C. (2013). Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. DeFond, M., Zhang, J. (2014). A review of archival auditing research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 58(2), 275-326. Furnham, A., Gunter, B. (2015). Corporate Assessment (Routledge Revivals): Auditing a Company's Personality. Routledge. Giner, B., Arce, M. (2012). Lobbying on accounting standards: Evidence from IFRS 2 on share-based payments. European Accounting Review, 21(4), 655-691. Hayes, R., Wallage, P., Gortemaker, H. (2013). Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing. Pearson Higher Ed. Hayes, R., Wallage, P., Gortemaker, H. (2014). Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing. Pearson Higher Ed. Messier Jr, W. (2016). Auditing assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Porter, B., Simon, J., Hatherly, D. (2014). Principles of external auditing. John Wiley Sons. Preiato, J., Brown, P., Tarca, A. (2015). A comparison of betweenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ country measures of legal setting and enforcement of accounting standards. Journal of Business Finance Accounting, 42(1-2), 1-50. Rahman, A. R. (2013). The Australian Accounting Standards Review Board (RLE Accounting): The Establishment of Its Participative Review Process. Routledge. Samkin, G., Deegan, C. (2012). New Zealand financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Tarca, A., Morris, R. D., Moy, M. (2013). An investigation of the relationship between use of international accounting standards and source of company finance in Germany. Abacus, 49(1), 74-98. William Jr, M., Glover, S., Prawitt, D. (2016). Auditing and Assurance Services: A Systematic Approach. Auditing and Assurance Services: A Systematic Approach. Zadek, S., Evans, R., Pruzan, P. (2013). Building corporate accountability: Emerging practice in social and ethical accounting and auditing. Routledge.

Marriage Family Therapy

Abstract Bowen developed a family therapy theory to facilitate the solving of family disputes that were frequently arising. To accomplish his goal, he used his model to intervene a minor problem that had occurred in his own extended family.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Marriage Family Therapy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, it worked so well, giving a positive outcome. This he says was a significant break through for his model implementation. He dedicated his life to family therapy and, as a result, developed this theory that was named after him. Furthermore, has been cited as an excellent theoretical idea ever produced in family therapy. Introduction The individuals who first discovered the concept of family therapy acknowledged that existing social and cultural influences contour ones morals about themselves and their families. Bowen, however, was the first to discover that a familyâ €™s history plays a vital role in determining an individual’s thoughts and principles. Most importantly it facilitated the continuous flow of these thought and principles to the coming generations. Bowen was born in a large and cohesive family where he was the last child. He studied medicine and became a medical doctor by profession. Later on he seized from pursuing dyads and started pursuing triads. He attended a conference that had been convened by one of his students from where he explained his theory. He used his family as a case study in explaining the theory in relation to development and function of a family. It is evident that Bowen’s theory focuses on mutualism and individuality. History of Theory Titelman, (1998) portrays that, in the early years, the occurrence of family disputes triggered the invention of solving techniques. Thus, family therapy is identified to have originated in the 19th century in the United States and England. In the 1950s, some cli nicians started observing and providing therapy to family members through a movement called child guidance and marriage counseling. As a result, these clinicians came up with ideas about theories that relate to the family and depicted that a family is not only about an individual’s perception (Titelman, 1998).Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gladding, (2002), states that Bowen Murray was born in Tennessee in 1913 and passed on in 1990. In late 1940s, he involved mothers in the treatment and study of patients suffering from schizophrenic at Menninger clinic. In 1954 after moving to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) he shifted his focus from individuals to the family aspect. At NIMH, he involved more members of the family in psychotherapy and research of patients suffering from schizophrenic (Gladding, 2002). Blume (2006) reveals that he founded Georgetown family center in 1959 when he moved to Georgetown University. Most importantly his theory was transformed to emotional tribulations that were less severe. He conducted a detailed research between 1959 and 1962 which involved families in diverse age groups. Bowen’s first orderly presentation was published in 1966, and it highlighted his developing ideas. Most significant is the fact that he used his concepts to intervene an emotional crisis in his family, this yielded positive results (Blume, 2006). Philosophical Underpinnings Triangles Rasheed, Marley and Rasheed, (2010) illustrate that this is a family system that has got a three-person relationship; hence, this can consist of a child, father and mother. Furthermore, it is perceived to be more firm and as the foundation of a vast emotional system that can hold tension devoid of outside interference (Rasheed, Marley and Rasheed, 2010). Differential of self Bowen (1978) depicts that â€Å"Self† is in born but the amount of it developed by an individual in to the family relationship is determined during adolescent and childhood. Hence, if an individual develops less â€Å"self†, he ends up having a superior influence in the family. It is noteworthy that such an individual controls the performance of other family members (Bowen, 1978). Nuclear emotional systems Rassool and Gafoor (1997) depicts that this identifies core issues that govern the on set of family disputes. One issue is the marital conflict whereby it has been noted that an increase in tension results to more anxiety among spouses, thus they are required to drop the anxiety and focus more on the problem without dictating to one another.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Marriage Family Therapy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Another issue identified was the dysfunction in one spouse, which majored on, the dictation by one spouse that might lead to sel f control by the other spouse incase of tension. Impairment of one child is a core issue that was identified whereby the parents focus on one child positively or negatively. Hence, the child becomes more reactive to such attention resulting to his disintegration from the other children. A core issue also discovered was the emotional distance where one family member decides to reduce the family relationship intensity by distancing themselves (Rassool and Gafoor, 1997). Family projection According to Falicov, (1991) this illustrates the idea of parents passing on their emotional tribulations to the children and, as a result, prejudice the performance of the child leading to disputes in the family. Multigenerational transmission process Cottrell and Boston (2002) give a picture in which a family’s emotional progression is passed on and upheld over several generations. Thus, the onsets of troubles are generation related. Emotional cut off Reiger (1981) discloses that those indivi duals who have emotional disputes with family members and end up solving these disputes by cutting off emotional contact with them. Sibling positions Skynner*, (1980) divulges that individuals that are raised in similar sibling position most likely have identical characteristics. Hence, elder children settle in the direction of leadership while the young ones have a preference to be followers. Societal emotional process Kog, Vandereycken, and Vertommen (1985) make known that this procedure depicts how emotional system presides over the conduct in any society, encouraging both advancement and suppressive interlude.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More History of Founder Bowen Murray was born in 1913 in Tennessee and was the oldest of five children. In 1934, he attained his Bachelor of Science degree and later a master’s degree in 1937 at the university of Tennessee medical school. He served in the army from where he changed to psychiatry from surgery (Herbert, Castronova, McNeil, and Mossman, 2000). While at National Institute of Mental Health he started to build up his theory, this was in 1954 to 1959. He then moved to Georgetown University where he founded Georgetown family center in 1959. He remained focused and dedicated to family therapy, as a result, producing one of the purest theoretical ideas. In 1978 to 1982, he became the first president of the American family therapy association. He later succumbs to cancer in 1990 (Herbert et al., 2000). Assumptions Boss, Doherty and LaRoss (2008) highlighted that, one of the assumptions of family therapy is that, family relationships are the primary cause of psychological wel l being and psychopathology for people. This means that in order to understand individuals conduct, his relationship with the family should be put in to consideration. Another assumption depicts that family communication models have a tendency to recur across generations. According to Boss et al., (2008), the third assumption stated that Family health entails equilibrium of correlation and individuation. This illustrates that for a family to have a healthy relationship there must be freedom of conduct and togetherness amongst its members. It further states that the triad is the least component for the multifaceted understanding of family relations (Boss et al., 2008). Role of Therapist According to Pernice-Duca, (2010), the role of the therapist is to get involved with problem solving without getting emotionally attached to the family. Furthermore, a therapist is supposed to remain neutral to any issues that come up. Thus, the family will realize it is an emotional system. Bowen inc ulcates the therapists to avoid a situation where a family desperately needs their help, but rather they should make them accept the responsibility to work towards their own change. Bowen cautions therapists against placing themselves in the meditative role, in a family triangle, (Pernice-Duca, 2010). Techniques/Interventions Bentovim, (1979) discloses that, Bowen never considered â€Å"therapeutic bag of tricks†. A Boweian therapist needed to construction a family genogram and questions. The therapist needs to motivate the family members to enlighten themselves with the history of the family. Furthermore, activities like visiting or writing letters to distant family members are encouraged. Some interventions involved in Bowen family therapy theory according to Elizur, (1990) include the following: Joining This is the process of connection between the family and the therapist resulting into a beneficial system. Similarly, it involves trailing, mimesis and substantiation. Refr aming This involves altering a concept by illustrating from a diverse perspective, as a result, altering the meaning but not the fact. Enactment Family members presenting difficult behavioral progression in to the therapy session Working with impulsive interaction Therapists identify the dynamics and series of conducts during therapy sessions and thus deliberate on the course, not the issue. Restructuring This constitutes the alteration of the family structure, for example, rising up against dictatorial behavior of the father. Conclusion Bowen’s theory gives attention to the arrangement and functioning of the emotional system. Furthermore, it involves sessions between individuals and the actions of â€Å"self† in the system. This theory insists on use of outlying factors to solve the current problem. As a result, a solution is achieved within a short time. Devoid of current, noteworthy socio-political accompaniments, this theory decontextualises affiliation models that are strongly conversant with gender, class and ethnicity. Bowen’s theory has been evident to produce positive outcomes everywhere it has been implemented. It is outstanding in the fact that it makes the therapists experience its roles in their own families of origin before acknowledging its practical application. References Bentovim, A. (1979), Theories of family interaction and techniques of intervention. Journal of Family Therapy, 1: 321 Blume, T. (2006). Becoming a family counselor: a bridge to family therapy theory and practice. New Jersey. John Wiley publishers Boss, P. Doherty, W and LaRoss, R. (2008). Sourcebook of Family Theories and Methods: A Contextual Approach. New York. Springer Science + Business media. Bowen, M. (1978). Family therapy in clinical practice. Michigan. Jason Aronson. Cottrell, D. and Boston, P. (2002), Practitioner Review: The effectiveness of systemic family therapy for children and adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43: 57 3–586. Elizur, J. (1990), ‘Stuckness’ in live supervision: Expanding the therapist’s style. Journal of Family Therapy, 12: 267–280 Falicov, C. (1991).Family Transitions: Continuity and Change over the Life Cycle. New York. Guilford Press Gladding, S. (2002). Family therapy: history, theory, and practice. Michigan. Merrill Herbert, M, Castronova, F, McNeil, B and Mossman, J. (2000). Biography and Genealogy Master Index 2000: A Consolidated Index to More Than 300,000 Biographical Sketches in 90 Current and Retrospective Biographical Dictionaries. Michigan. Gale group Kog, E., Vandereycken, W. and Vertommen, H. (1985), the psychosomatic family model. A critical analysis of family interaction concepts. Journal of Family  Therapy, 7: 31–44. Pernice-Duca, F. (2010), Family Network Support and Mental Health Recovery. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 36: 13–27. Rasheed, J, Marley, J and Rasheed, M. (2010). Family Therapy: Models and Te chniques. California. SAGE. Rassool, H and Gafoor, M. (1997). Addiction nursing: perspectives on professional and clinical practice. London. Nelson Thornes. Reiger, K. (1981), Family therapy’s missing question, why the plight of the modern family? Journal of Family Therapy, 3: 293–308. Skynner, A. C. R. (1980), Recent developments in marital therapy. Journal of Family Therapy, 2: 271–296. Titelman, P. (1998). Clinical applications of Bowen family systems theory. New York. Routledge This research paper on Marriage Family Therapy was written and submitted by user Dario Snow to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Aims and Objectives-Environmental Education Essays

Aims and Objectives-Environmental Education Essays Aims and Objectives-Environmental Education Paper Aims and Objectives-Environmental Education Paper Objectives of Environmental Education Laid against an ecological format, the information gleaned through the study of all these varied disciplines gives us a holistic view of the environment for sustaining life On earth on an infinite time scale. The unlimited exploitation of nature (environment) by mankind for the sake of development has threatened the sun. vial of not just human beings but also all other living organisms. The number of living species has decreased, a large number are threatened, and many are even extinct. Human beings too, are suffering from various health problems. Today India is one of the top 10 industrialized countries in the world and the ever-increasing elution levels in its environment are affecting all living organisms. People around the world are enjoying economic growth at the cost of quality of human life. So the need of the hour is to save our environment by following a suitable developmental policy. This necessitates the knowledge of our environment, its components and the different issues affecting the environment. Education for environmental awareness is required not only for environmental scientists, engineers, policymakers or Nags, but also for every one of us. Only environmental study can make us conscious and careful bout the environment. Environmental education is aimed at developing environmental ethics in people. It teaches them the importance of conservation of life and biodiversity of the environment. Environmental study also teaches people to understand their role in the environment and learn to live with limited natural resources so as to avoid future disasters. The casual attitude of human beings towards the environment and its conservation is the root cause of all environmental problems. Therefore, proper education and public awareness are necessary to tackle environmental problems. Towards this end, environmental studies will provide sufficient knowledge about the philosophy, genesis and consequences of local and global environmental problems and the necessary knowledge for their abatement and control. Thus, for a sustainable environment and for the survival of the present and future generations, environmental education is necessary.

Post-war Manga and Animes comments on Japanese Society Essay

Post-war Manga and Animes comments on Japanese Society - Essay Example ever, through the aforementioned description it is abundantly clear that an Anime is equivalent to a regular cartoon but there are significant variations in how it is produced and the plot of the cartoon is designed, which is much more mature compared to the plot involved in American animations. Manga, which simply a name for Japanese comic book has inspired several Animes. These Animes does not only revolve around a much more mature protagonists and antagonists but their plots and sub-plots discuss more weighty issues faced by the society. The substance of this prose will examine the plots of Animes and mangas that were developed by creators during the post-war era in Japan. (Brenner, 2007) As we all know that the World War II was an epochal period in the history of Japan that redefined Japanese culture. As mentioned earlier, Animes were not just mere form of entertainment for the young population, but were meant to signify the changes and revolution that took place and are rapidly taking place in the Japanese community. As the war had a significant amount of impact on the dynamics of the Japanese society, the aftermath of the nuclear disaster seemed more pronounced on the thematic pattern followed by the Animes and mangas and they artists incorporated a strong element pertaining to nuclear apocalypses and the plot largely focuses on how the disaster affected adolescents and youngster as a result of the attack. (Napier, 2005) Despite the solemnity the subject of war usually radiates, according to film scholar Jerome Shapiro the playfulness in the Animes is an essential feature of their aesthetic sense and storytelling sense, he states: â€Å"Richie’s description of aware is substantially incomplete and misleading†¦ Mono no Aware†¦ is only half of a very complex... Japanese Manga and Animes have a huge fan following in Japan and it has a sizeable amount of followers on a global front as well. Even though, Japanese Animes and mangas are more like art form involving a stylized exaggeration in the representation and formation of character. Unlike normal cartoons, Japanese Animes have strong plot and does not have the same element of slapstick comedy involved also their visual characteristics may involve a strong influence of Japanese Calligraphy as the brush strokes used to draw various characters. As it is described by Richie, the Second World War was not only a spur to the creativity of Japanese people but also resulted in a spiritual revolution amongst the people and there came an uncanny resemblance to Buddhist ideology and doctrines and even resulted in the contemporary society of members of Japan adopting them. Hence, these post-war mangas and Anime does not only describe the ordeal of the people but also discuss the spiritual revolution that was brought about by it. The classic good vs. evil fight that is the main plot of Japanese animated and non-animated usually stems from Buddhistic beliefs in â€Å"Mappo† or the ends days of the world when the world would fall into complete chaos as people go further and further away from the teachings of Buddha and at that last possible moment the advent of the Maitreya Buddha; a saviour would navigate the world out of chaos and start a new world order. This is the typical scenario that is sketched by all the Animes and manga s and these are not only meant to be cautionary or foretell the advent of the saviour but are meant to reinforce the belief in the above mentioned spiritual teachings.

Understanding of Change Concepts Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understanding of Change Concepts - Research Paper Example Understanding of Change Concepts In addition to, if the change managers in an organization are dysfunctional, this will hinder the probability of successful change. This paper explains theories that can be adopted to monitor and evaluate the change process in an organization. The Drivers of Change There has been a paradigm shift in organizational change as from a gradual to a continuous process. Continous change means that there new things happening in a never ending fashion. It is therefore imperative for firms to develop a culture that facilititates the exploitation of change as a competitive advantage. Change is driven by three aspects which include extensive globalization, technological advancements and growing customer expectations. Globalization leads to increased competitition, exposure to global economic presssure and more complicated trade policies. With regards to technological advances, companies should keep up with the changes in their respective industries and changes in the market trends. Finally, ther e has been an increase in customers’ expections owing to growing customer awareness and value for money. The Grieving Model for Change This model was brought forward by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross who asserts that change evokes emotions similar to those experienced during the grieving process. Her work of the grieving process draws numerous equivalents to change. Basicallly, the grieving process goes through five main steps which are denial, anger, bargaining, depression as well as acceptance. (Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2007). Change managers must acknowledge that the change process may have a stressful effect on staff members. There are common cases of employee resistance and this calls for managers to prepare them suitably for the change(Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2007). It has been noted that during the change process the employees are predisposed to concentrate too much on process characteristic s forgetting the impacts of change. Managing this requires outstanding and practiced leade rship skills. Cohen’s Concepts of Organizational Change Preparedness Risk taking is an inherent feature of leaders in the 21st century , most importantly when dealing with change. Nevertheless, leaders are highly cautioned to undertake in calculated and cautious risk taking when handling change (Cohen, 2005; Judge, 2012). Change leaders must ensure that the company has the right resources and is well prepared for the change. The leaders should so see to it that the process goes through the stipulate stages for successful completion. Judge’s Organizational Capacity for Change This model which defines the aspects of an organization’s capacity for change is based on the idea that leaders should concentrate on innovation for the future as well as be skilled at responding to issues facing companies in the contemporary world (Judge, 2012). It has been observed that although leaders have the necessary skills, they lack the necessary innovation approaches. It is imperat ive for change managers to be spontaneous and readily adjust to the change the determines success of the organization. Change leaders should be in a position to manage the eight dimensions of leadership that are important for effective change management. The first four dimensions focus on human skills while the last four focus on practices within the organization. The eight dimensions include: trustworthy leaders, cooperative followers, capable champions, systems

Infant Observation: 10 Month old Baby

Infant Observation: 10 Month old Baby Infant Observation Ivan Mitsko Less than a year ago my close family friend delivered a second baby. And since we lived close to each other and the couple already had an experience with infants I realized that it was a perfect place for my observation paper. I decided to observe the child three times at different dates and time of day because it could help me better distinguish infant’s psychological behavior. The baby’s name was Alex and at the time of the observation he was ten months old. He was born healthy and without any complications. At the first day of his life he weighted 7.5 pounds and was 19 inches tall which is considered a normal range (Zinsser, 2015). The parents are very diligent and hardworking people and take care of their children very well. The behavior of the new born baby reminds me of a chain of reactions in response to new sensations which surrounds the infant during first year of life. When I observed Alex it was almost impossible not to notice his reflexes, senses, and natural instincts. When the mother tried to touch his lip with a finger the baby immediately opened his mouth and was prepared to suck. However, I noticed that he more prefers to suck his own fingers rather than someone else’s. When the mother put something sweet on her finger the baby used to start sucking it and in response to something sour or bitter he immediately wrinkled his face and tried to clean his mouth. This phenomenon can be explained by research conducted by scientist who claimed that humans’ affinity to sweet taste over any other taste corresponds to human genetics (Tatter, Schubert, Timischl, Simbruner, 1986). Another very interesting response I observed was a reaction to the loud noise. The sudden loud TV sound made hi m to furrow his brow, he looked very aware, and at the same time very scared. It seems that all of these reflexes are involuntary and the infant doesn’t have a knowledge or experience to realize that he is a baby and that he is the part of the world. All of the infant’s natural reflexes and instincts were very well described by Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist who is known for his studies with children. According to Piaget’s cognitive stage theory, the babies have an innate schema which is developed before they have any experience with surrounding environment. These cognitive structures are responsible for innate reflexes which are genetically programmed inside of us (Huitt, Hummel, 2003). For instance, most of the infants have sucking reflex which can be triggered by touching baby’s lips and based on these observations Piaget came up with the idea that infants have a sucking schema. Paget’s schema development can be applied to many other innate reflexes. For example, when something touches baby’s palm he will experience the grasping reflex, or similarly, the rooting reflex in which the child will turn his head in direction of the cheek you touched. For instance, during my observation I realized that rooting reflex works much better when the baby is hungry. Once the mother touched his cheek the infant turned his head right away and slightly open his mouth. It was very interesting to follow this process because it helped me to visualize how the schema works in real life situations. Moreover, I felt like the baby was waiting for the next signal which is food consumption. Both of these actions are nothing more than a reaction to touch which makes the life itself a very unique phenomenon. The overall baby’s physical appearance is very similar when he is still in the womb. His body, arms, and legs tend to take position in the way in which they were occupied in mother’s belly. When I asked my friend to hold a baby, the first thing I noticed was how the musculoskeletal system was undeveloped. Newborn babies tend to have very weak muscles which don’t allow them to hold the head or anything in hands. On the other hand, I noticed that when the infant grasped my finger I felt quiet bit of a power produced by the muscles. This interesting observation made me think how the voluntary and involuntary muscular contractions developed and their role in adaptation with surrounding environment. An innate reflex is the specific response to external stimuli. The study of reflexes is mainly used to assess the state of the nervous system and all of the related pathologies. There can be some exception but in most cases children are born with grasp reflex. In order to activate it the parents should simply touch the palm of baby’s hand and he will immediately flex his digits. Usually, some of the reflexes can be noticed from the birth and it is very important for young parents to distinguish any abnormalities in infants. (Futagi, Toribe, Suzuki, 2012). During the first month of the life the baby spends most of his time lying down either on a bed or in the mother’s hands. Also, it was very obvious to see that the baby liked being rocked, and when the parents surrounded him. I believe that most of the baby’s behavior is strictly automatic rather than deliberate. All of the actions are meant to evoke a sense of attachment. For example, when the infant starts crying he is probably hungry or wants to be held. During the infancy period most of the babies are far away from language/speech development. However, I realized that communication does exist between parents and the child. All of the babies tend to cry a lot and this is one of the main sign for a caregiver that something is wrong. During my observation I realized that babies cry because they feel some sort of discomfort which requires immediate attention. For young parents it might be often difficult to understand what happened and why the baby is crying. However, over some period of time caregivers begin to distinguish main concerns. As a future parent this observational experience was very educational for me. I learned that it takes a lot of compassion and hard work to take care of the baby. This a very demanding job which requires a lot of time and hard work and the knowledge of developmental psychology is a good way to understand scientifically what is like to be a baby. Paget’s cognitive stage theory is a great way for new parents to get familiar with the environment and psychological behavior of the new born baby which can be applied in order to establish connection between caregiver and child. References Futagi, Y., Toribe, Y., Suzuki, Y. (2012, June 11). The Grasp Reflex and Moro Reflex in Infants: Hierarchy of Primitive Reflex Responses. Retrieved February 11, 2015, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3384944/ Huitt, W., Hummel, J. (2003). Piagets theory of cognitive development. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved February 4,2015 from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/cognition/piaget.html Tatzer, E., Schubert, M., Timischl, W., Simbruner, G. (1985, October 12). Discrimination of taste and preference for sweet in premature babies. Retrieved February 4, 2015, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4064994 Zissner, K. Physical development in infancy [PowerPoint slide]. Retrieved from Lecture Notes https://uic.blackboard.com/webapps/blackboard/content/listContent.jsp?course_id=_87219_1content_id=_4081122_1 Is Memory a Constructive Process? Is Memory a Constructive Process? Gemma L Sobah ‘Memory is a constructive and active process’ Psychology To be able to successfully evaluate this claim, it is important that some research is done. A lot of relevant research supports this claim but what information we process and store is actually being actively processes by our conscious and how much of this is being stored in a more automatic, passive manner? Before we can delve any further into memory, we need to find a way to break it down into what memory consists of. This essay will look at the research conducted on memory and evaluate to what extent the memory is a constructive and active system. As we know already, memory is a part of our everyday lives. It enables us to carry out daily tasks and skills from knowledge and gives us access to information we may need at a later date, but has been stored in our memory for the mean time. It is an essential part of our lives, and this makes it important for psychologists to be able to understand how it works and its functions. Over time research has been done that breaks memory down in to three component processors. Encoding Putting information into memory Storage Retaining information into memory Retrieval Getting information back out of memory (Brace et al, 2007) Encoding is putting information into code and then inserting it into our memory to then be stored. Storage is when information is retained and is kept in the form or visual, physical or other depictions. Retrieval is when we try and retrieve information out of our memory, into our conscious mind. The memory is not only broken down into processes but also has subsystems that work parallel to and include sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory. William James (cited in Brace et al, 2007) was one of the first psychologists to make this connect and present memory as having these three subsystems. His theory also included the idea that the brain used a primary memory permitting conscious mental activity and a secondary memory responsible for storing knowledge. (Brace and Roth, 2007, p.g 115) This alone supports the claim that memory is a constructive and active process, for it not only receives stores and retrieves information, but it also sorts the information we receive into sections. If the brain was a passive process, we could believe that all information processed would be generically stored. It would take a conscious and active memory to be able to decide which information will be logged as short term, and which should be logged as long term. We will look at th is more later. Memory is an ability that we as humans and also animals to some extent, depend upon to be able to recall different events, relate to experiences, and connect with people. It is a very important system that allows the brain to acknowledge and receive information from our surroundings and from our own bodies, (also known as stimuli), store it, (in either short or long term memory, depending on the information), and then allow it to be accessed in future occasions (known as retrieval). It allows us to continually live one day after the next, without having to relearn everything, giving us the ability to learn from our past actions, relive experiences in different times of our life’s and use all the information we have stored, to carry on and grow. If you think about the first time you read a book or tried roller-skates; those are memories formed, either short or long or term. If we have no memory from the past, you would never learn; thus unable to process and understand. Without memory we would constantly be faced with new and unfamiliar things. This alone and cause us distress. We only have to look at someone with dementia to understand how fragile and vulnerable we would be without the capacity to remember, our everyday lives and actions would be affected and so would our survival. More and more research is being uncovered that suggests that the brain works as a whole, integrating with all areas of its self and aren’t small separate sections doing independent work. When processing a new memory the brain sends information to the Papez circuit which involves many parts of the brain. Research on the brain shows that forming a memory causes physical changes to the organisation of neurons and maybe even the neurons in a process called brain plasticity. (Brace et al. 2007, p.g 146) Ever since William James (1890) first revealed his theories on memory, a substantial body of research has followed. Many other psychologists have shared approaches that conce ptualize memory as a flow of information through a sequence of sub-systems. It is believed information is recoded as and when it is carried from one sub-system to the next. Let’s look at the short term memory. Some research suggests that this form of memory is just a temporary store. But Baddeley and Hitch (1974) (as cited in Brace et al, 2007, p.g 117) allows us to understand it better. They believe that to be able to really understand the functions of short term memory we have to first understand what we use it for. They suggest it has several functions. Brace, 2007 puts it like this: One key function is to concentrate on processing new inputs, and rehearse and code them for transfer to long term memory. Another function is to retrieve information relevant stored knowledge to assist in making sense of these inputs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..STM is an active store holding information that we are consciously thinking about- it is attention-limited ‘work-bench’ system of memory. (Brace et al, 2007 page p.g 117) Here memory is described as active, and the reason for this is simple. Memory is constantly working or organise its information for the purpose of our life. We are constantly learning and developing, and our memory processes are constantly sorting through all the information we receive, to make sure the everyday things we need to remember, such as how to tie our shoes are stored in the right place, the information we only need temporary, such as the number we are typed into our phone, can be stored for the appropriate length of time, then discarded to utilise the space. We interact with many things in our everyday life’s and our brain are aware of that, and is constantly on standby to help us live, so to speak. Another reason we can say memory is active and not passive is for the simple fact that we are able to consciously control what we want to retrieve from our memories and what information we would rather no remember, at that present time. For example, a young has lost her house keys, and in order to help her find them, she decides to try and remember when she last seen them, this is her consciously selecting memories from a specific time. She hasn’t decided to try and remember the colour of the keys, or when she very first came to own the keys, she has consciously tried to recall a specific moment in her life when she had the keys. This is her memory actively working to select the relevant memory and disregard any memory that is not currently needed that may be related to the keys. If our memory were passive, maybe it would automatically recall every memory she has had with the keys, which wouldn’t help the woman find the keys, it would just create confusion and possible frustration. Memory might for this reason be seen as a perceptually active process of the brain that derives from three key components. As we can see memory isn’t a simple matter. It is very complex and there are still many aspects of it under research and not yet understood, and because memory cannot be directly monitored, psychologists have found ways to analyse it enough to be able to have some understanding of how our memory works and why. Our memory serves a crucial purpose and without it, we cannot evolve, and learn and although it does more good than harm, it can from time to time cause us distress and many other things. Our memories are key to making us who we are and there are times that some people’s bad memories impact their lives greatly. Nevertheless, our memory is active, and we can us this to our advantage. We can change our memories, we can implant some memories deeper than others, and we have found ways to hide or keep some memories dormant. We can actively strengthen and challenge our memories daily and find ways to get the most out of the memory process, because without memory, we can not survive. Word count:1444 References: Brace, N., Ilona, R. (2007) ‘Memory: structures, processes and skills’ in Miell, D., Phoenix, A., and Thomas, K. (eds) Mapping Psychology, Milton Keynes, The Open University. Psychology18th March 2014

Free Essay: Metaphors in Sonnet 73 :: Sonnet essays

Metaphors in Sonnet 73 Â  "Sonnet 73" by William Shakespeare contains many metaphors to form a descriptive image. Shakespeare used conceits, which are "fanciful extended metaphors" (567), used in love poems of earlier centuries. Shakespeare used these beautifully in "Sonnet 73." A metaphor is a "brief, compressed comparison that talks about one thing as if it were another" (554). Shakespeare expresses three major metaphors in this sonnet. The first is about age, the second about death, and of course, love follows. These three metaphors create an enjoyable poem. The first metahphor that Shakespeare uses is that of a tree in the fall. He compares himself to the tree by saying 'That time of year thou mayst in me behold when yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang upon those boughs which shake against the cold". Shakespeare compares his aging self to the aging tree. Just as the tree is losing its' leaves, Shakespeare could be losing his hair. Just as the tree is getting brittle, Shakespears bones are getting old and feeble. Most importantly, Shakespeare doesn't say that he is actually going through this downfall, but that his lover percieves it in him. Another metaphor in this sonnet is the comparison of death to nightfall, "In me thou seest the twilight of such day" (568). He continues, "Which by and by black night doth take away, death's second self, that seals up all rest" (568). Shakespeare perfectly describes death as the fading of a bright day to a dark black night. The third, and final, metaphor is when Shakespeare is comparing himself to the fire. Shakespeare beautifully states, "In me thou seest the glowing of such fire that on the ashes of his youth lie, as the deathbed whereon it must expire, consumed with that which it was nourished by" (568). . As the fire is dying so is Shakespeare. Â  In conclusion, Shakespeare combines these three ideas in a two line follow-up, "This thou perceivest, which makes thy love more strong, to love that well which thou must leave ere long" (568). In this he relates all three objects, aging, death, and love, to each other. He is saying that one must enjoy love when he has it because it soon grows old and must die. He is also making the point that his lover is a good person for staying with him in his old age.

To investigate the effect to the potato cells in the different solute concentration water Essay

Water can move through the different cells due to the difference of water potentials in the cells. If there is a higher solute concentration in the cell than outside the cell, the water will move into the cell. However, if the concentration of inside the cell is lower than the outside, water will not move into the cell. This process is called osmosis. Research question; This investigation will determine how different concentrated sugar water will affect to the mass change of the potato cells using the concept of osmosis. Hypothesis; I predict that the potato slice in beaker C will gain the most increased mass than beaker B and C. The reason is that since beaker C has a highest concentration among the test beakers, it will affect the most to the potato cells. The movement of water will move actively in beaker C. Variables; Independent Variable In this experiment the independent variable will be the sucrose concentration of water. This is controlled by using a specific amount of sugar that we pour into the distilled water. We will do the activity in the solutions with concentration of 0, 0.25, 0.50%. Dependent Variable The dependent variable will be the size of potato slices that goes into the solutions. This depends on the various environmental factors during making a slice of potato such as the thickness of core or the peel of potato. Thus it could differ during the experiment. Controlled Variable Anything that can change the result of this experiment will be the controlled variables. Therefore, we need to control variables that can be controlled to get the most accurate and reliable data in this experiment. Also the purpose of an experiment is to find out the cause of the lab and how it affects. Without these variables, it would b e difficult to determine which cause made the effect out of the lab. Water Level; Clearly if we have higher level of water in the beaker to make concentrated sugar water, the concentration will be lower than the less level of water. To get the consistent data, we need to control the level of water in the same level possible. Size of Cores; We will use the slices of potato in this lab, and if we have different sizes of potato slices due to the different sizes of cores that we have used to make a slices, the result will be vary as the size gets bigger or smaller. Therefore, during the lab, we need to use the same type and size of the cores. Type of Potatoes; If there are different types of potatoes, the osmosis that happens to the potato from the sugar water will not be the same. This needs to be controlled by using a same type of potato to get the most accurate data possible. Time of submersion; If one potato slice has stayed in the solution longer than the other sets, the data is not reliable because it is not experimented in equal amount of time. In order to get the reliable data, we need to measure the time equally and record it to the data paper. Size of the petri dish; We need to use the same size of the petri dishes to collect the reliable and accurate data. Different size of the petri dishes will boost or slow down the osmosis in the potato cells. Humidity; Humidity near the experiment place will also affect to the experiment. If the pace is hot and dry, the solution may evaporate soon due to the particles inside the solution absorbs the heat. Also when it is cold, the osmosis may not work normally. Due to these facts, we need to control the size of the petri dishes to get the best data possible. Temperature of the solutions; If the solution A’s temperature is higher than the solution B and C, it will affect to the speed and rate of the osmosis. In order to get the reliable and best data, we need to control the temperature of the solutions in to equal celsius possible. Apparatus; 3 different concentrated solutions (0, 25, 50 mol/dm^3) Beakers Pipettes Potato cores Balance Measuring cylinder Petri dishes Black pen Ruler Potato slices Procedure; 1. Using black pen to label the 3 different concentrated solutions and label them A, B and C. (Each solutions contain 100ml) 2. Record the physical properties of the potato slices. Place the slices of potatoes into the each petri dishes and label them a, b and c. 3. Pour the solutions in to each petri dishes about 36ml. (A to a, B to b, C to c) 4. Wait for 2 days.

How to Pay for the Cost of a Fraternity or Sorority

Lets just be honest: Joining a fraternity or sorority can be expensive. Even if you dont live in the house, you likely have to pay dues, for social outings, and for all kinds of other things you werent expecting. So how can you manage to pay for the cost of going Greek if money is already tight? Fortunately, most fraternities and sororities understand that not every student can pay the full cost every semester. There are lots of places to look if you need a little extra financial help. Scholarships If your Greek is part of a larger regional, national, or even international organization, it may very well have scholarships available. Talk to some of the leaders in your campus chapter to see what they know or whom you should contact for more information on scholarships. Grants There may also be grants available, coming either from your larger organization or from organizations that simply want to support students who are involved in Greek life in general. Dont be afraid to do some searching online, check in with your campus financial aid office, and even ask other students if they know of good resources. Get a Job With the Organization on Campus If youre lucky, you can work within your fraternity or sorority and get an actual paycheck or things paid for indirectly (e.g., your room and board covered). Start asking around as soon as you realize you might be interested in this kind of arrangement; youll likely need to apply for positions in the spring if youd like to start working in them in the fall. Get a Job With the Larger Organization If your fraternity or sorority is very large on a regional or national scale, they likely need help keeping things running smoothly. Ask if there are positions that you can apply for—and work in—from your campus. The larger organization might need ambassadors, people who can write newsletters, or folks who are great at accounting. You never know what you might find open, so start asking around as soon as possible. Barter See if you can trade your skills for financial arrangements. Perhaps you have some mad skills at gardening. See if you can trade your labor in building, growing, and maintaining an organic garden for your sorority or fraternity in exchange for having your annual dues waived. Or if youre skilled in fixing computers, ask if you can work a few hours a week keeping everyones machines happy in exchange for a discount on your room and board costs. You got into college because youre smart and resourceful, so dont be shy about using those skills to help you create a financial arrangement that works for you and your desire to remain involved in your fraternity or sorority.